Frederick john biel and joseph selvester urban



(No Model.)

ZiA/izeaaeo P. J. BIEL & J. s. URBAN.

WRENCH.

Patented Dec. 23. 1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK JOHN BIEL AND JOSEPH SELVESTER URBAN, OF TERRE IIAUTE, INDIANA; SAID URBAN ASSIGNOR TO SAID BIEL.

WRENCH.

SEECIFICA'IION forming part of Letters Patent No. 443,216, dated December 23, 1890.

Application filed February 18, 1890. Serial No. 340.817. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: of the wrench-bar. The jawe is strongly con- Be it known that we, FREDERICK JOHN BIEL structed and extends forwardly and at right and JOSEPH SELVESTER URBAN, of Terre angles from the upper end of the shank over Haute, in the county of Vigo and State of Inthe rigid jaw. The under or contact face of diana, have invented certain new and useful this movable jaw is straight or extends in a Improvements in Trenches; and we do hereplane at right angles to the axis of the wrenchby declare that the following is a full, clear, bar and shank, and this contact-face is proand exact description of the invention, which vided with sharp transverse projecting teeth will enable others skilled in the art to which or serrations g, inclined downwardly and into it appertains to make and use the same, referwardly in a direction opposite to the inclina- 6o ence being had to the accompanying drawtion of the rigid jaw. ings, and to the letters of reference marked A strong heavy U-shaped metal strap It has thereon,which form part of this specification. its ends strongly secured on opposite sides of This invention relates to certain improvethe wrench-bar just below the rigid jaw by 15 ments in wrenches. one or more strong rivets t, and loosely em- The object of the invention is to produce an braces the shank of the movable jaw and conimproved, cheap, simple, and exceedingly fines the same on the rear edge of the wrenchstrong and durable wrench which can be easbar, allowing the shank a free longitudinal ily and quickly adjusted to grasp variouslyslide thereon. At its rear or lower end the .20 sized pipes, and is composed of a minimum shank is provided with a swinging yoke or number of strong and durable parts. These clevis pivoted thereto and embracing the objects are accomplished by and this inven: wrench-bar. This yoke consists of the two tion consists in certain novel features of constrong plates or links 3' located on opposite struction and in combinations of parts more sides of the wrench-bar, and at their corre- 2 5 fully described hereinafter, and particularly sponding ends pivoted to the rear end of said pointed out in the claim. shank, preferably by a single pivot-pin k, Referring to the accompanying drawings, passed transversely through said shank. The Figure 1 is a front edge elevation of the opposite and free ends of saidlinks are rigidly wrench. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the connected by a rod or bar Z, extending trans- 0 same. Fig. 3 is a rear edge elevation. Fig. versely across the front edge of the wrench- 8o 4 is a cross'section on the line 00 00, Fig. 8. bar. This yoke extends diagonally from the In the drawings, the reference-letter a inlower end of said shank downwardly and fordicates the straight wrench-bar. This bar is wardly, so that when the free end of the yoke preferably made integral, with one end formis swung outwardly its bar Z will pass out from 3 5 ing the handle 17 of the wrench,w11ile the opengagement with said front edge. The front posite end of the wrench-bar forms the rigid edge of the wrench-bar is provided with a sejaw c of the wrench. This rigid jaw c is ries of sockets or depressions, forming the seformed by a head on the end of the wrenchries of downwardly-curved teeth m, formed bar and preferably integral with the same. to receive the bar Z of the yoke and hold the 40 The contact or upper face (1 of this jaw is same against upward pressure. The free end smooth and inclined downwardly from the of the yoke is held down and the bar Z in enrear edge or end of the jaw toward the front gagement with one of said teeth by the plateedge thereof, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, and springm,having ahead at at one end rigidly at a suitable angle. secured to the shank of the movable jaw, so 5 The reference-letter cindicates the movable that the free end of said spring will bear or adjustable jaw of the wrench located over against the upper edge of one of the links 3', and adjustable toward or away from the rigid and thereby yieldingly hold the said yoke jaw. This jaw e is provided and formed indown, as is clearly evident. tegral with a straight shank fiwhich is loosely The operation of the wrench will be clearly 50 and longitudinally confined on the rear edge understood from the drawings and following remarks: The jaw can be quickly and easily set to grasp a pipe of almost anysize by grasping thehandle end of the wrench-bar with one hand and pressing down on the swingingyoke with the thumb and forefinger thereof until the bar Zof said yoke is free from the ratchetteeth of said bar, and then with the other hand moving the adjustable jaw in or out the desired distance and releasing the swinging yoke,which will immediately spring back into position with the bar Z in engagement with one of the ratchet-teeth of the wrench-bar, whereby the jaws will be held in that adj ustment. The pipe to be turned is located between the jaws when the wrench is applied thereto, and when downward pressure is exerted 011 the bar the smooth inclined face of the rigid jaw draws the teeth of the movable jaw tightly into the pipe and tightly binds the pipe into the V-shaped recess between said jaws. By means of this peculiar construction great twisting-pressure can be exerted on the pipe with a minimum amount of strain on the parts of the wrench. The fulcrum for the wrench-bar is its rigid jaw bearing on the side of the pipe and the twisting force being applied to the pipe by straight-faced serrated jaw, and the greater the downward pressure on the wrench-bar the tighter the inclined jaw wedges the pipe into the opening between the jaws and the serrated jaws agai nst the pipe. The wrench cannot slip on the pipe, and by reason of the smooth inclined face the wrench is released the moment the pressure ceases, and there is no sticking or trouble in loosing the wrench from the pipe.

\Vhat we claim is- In a wrench, the combination of a lever-bar provided with an inclined j aw,holdin g-notchcs along the inner side, and the rigid guide-loop adjacent to said jaw, the sliding jaw working in said loop, the clevis pivoted to the shank end of the sliding jaw adapted to en gage the holding notches of the lever-bar, and the spring secured to the shank of the sliding jaw between the guiding-loop and the clevis adapted to hold the clevis to the notches when the wrench is not in use, the arrangement of the parts being such that the pull on the sliding jaw during the working of the wrench aids in retaining the parts in their operative position, said parts being constructed and arranged substantially as described.

In testimony-that we claim the forcgoin g as our own we affix oursignatures in presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK JOHN BIEL. JOSEPH SELVES'LER URBAN.

\Vitnesses:

J OHN MUEI-ILENIIARZ,

CLEM HARPER. 

